-
Main Concept:
The heart is part of the blood circulatory system, which includes blood and blood vessels. It functions as a closed system with two circuits:
-
Pulmonary circulation: from the heart to lungs and back (for oxygenation).
-
Systemic circulation: from the heart to the body and back (to deliver oxygen).
-
-
Blood Components:
-
Red blood cells (erythrocytes): contain hemoglobin to transport gases.
-
White blood cells (leukocytes): defend against infection.
-
Platelets: help in blood clotting.
-
-
Heart Chambers and Flow:
-
Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium via the vena cava.
-
Passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, which pumps it through the pulmonary artery to the lungs.
-
Oxygenated blood returns via pulmonary veins to the left atrium, passes through the bicuspid (mitral) valve, and enters the left ventricle.
-
The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta to the entire body.
-
-
Valves and Structure:
-
Semilunar valves prevent backflow from arteries.
-
The septum divides the heart, preventing mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
-
Overall, the diagram clearly differentiates pulmonary (blue arrows) and systemic (red arrows) circulations and labels key heart parts like atria, ventricles, valves, veins, and arteries, showing the complete path of blood flow.
Post a Comment