Limbs - MedG

 

• Upper Limb:

  • Each upper limb has 30 bones, so both arms together have 60 bones.

  • Major parts:

    • Clavicle and Scapula (shoulder bones forming the pectoral girdle).

    • Humerus (upper arm bone).

    • Radius (lateral) and Ulna (medial) — forearm bones.

    • Carpals (8 wrist bones), Metacarpals (5 palm bones), and Phalanges (14 digit bones) — fingers, where the thumb has only two bones.

    • The Glenoid cavity forms the ball-and-socket joint of the shoulder.

• Lower Limb:

  • Each lower limb also has 30 bones, totaling 60 bones for both legs.

  • Main bones:

    • Femur — thigh bone and the longest bone in the body.

    • Patella — knee cap, cup-shaped and protects the knee joint.

    • Tibia — larger, medial, and most visible leg bone.

    • Fibula — slender lateral bone.

    • Tarsals (7 ankle bones), Metatarsals (5 sole bones), and Phalanges (14 toe bones).

    • Sesamoid bones form within tendons to reduce friction (e.g., patella).